Window.



0. M; EDWARDS.

WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, 1905.

Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

ill/A 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WYz'izess es:

O. M. EDWARDS.

WINDOW.

APPLIOATIQN FILED JUNE 8, 1905.

Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I I I fi 25' 9 m I a n4 Wifnesses:

0. M. EDWARDS.

WINDOW.

APPLICATION IILED JUNE 8, 1905 Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHXNGTON. D c

0. M. EDWARDS.

WINDOW.

APPLICATION IILED JUNE 8, 1905.

Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIGE.

OLIVER 1vr. EDWARDS, or SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

WINDOW.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER M. EDWARDS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Syracuse, county of Onondaga, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Windows, of which thefollowin is a full, clear, and exact description, reierence being had tothe drawings accompanying the same.

This invention relates generally to double sash windows and the mannerof combining the two sashes with the window frame and with One another.Double sash windows are in quite extensive use in different classes ofrailway cars, as for instance parlor, sleeping and dining cars and asthus used have one window sash arranged in front of the other with aspace between the two sashes, each sash having its guideway, it beingmovable therein to open and close the window the same as is common withwindows having a single sash.

The invention has for one of its objects to provide means by which onesash is supported in the guideway and supports or carries the other sashtherein, as the two move to open and close the window, and one ismovable relatively to the other to hold them in contact with theguideway and to release them from such holding contact.

Another object is to provide means by which one sash is made movablerelatively to the other to firmly hold both in the guideway and torelease them from such holding action.

Another object is to provide means by which the two sashes are connectedtogether so as to move substantially as a single sash moves in openingand closing the window and also to permit one sash to move relatively tothe other to hold and release both sashes.

Another object is to provide means by which the sashes are connectedtogether, permitted to be moved, one relatively to the other, and moreor less counterbalanced in opening and closing the window.

Another object is to provide means by which one sash is made to moveboth sashes into contact with the guideway.

Another object is to provide means by which one sash is held in theguideway and the other is permitted to be detached or removed therefromand the glasses of both sashes are readily accessible for cleaning &c.

Another object is to provide means by Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 8, 1905.

PatentedNov, 4c, 1913.

Serial No. 264,300.

which the sashes are connected together to move substantially as asingle sash moves in opening and closing the window and one sash isreadily detachable from the other when unconfined by the guideway.

Another object is to provide means by which the sashes are connectedtogether and locked in the closed position by a detent or detentsmounted on one of such sashes.

Another object is to provide means by which one sash is moved relativelyto the other to hold both in contact with the guideway and to releasethe same therefrom and the sashes are connected together and provide asupport against which gravity or other force may act to move both sashesinto contact with the guideway.

Another object is to provide means normally acting to force both sashesinto contact with the guideway, a support againstwhich means may act andmeans adapted to overcome such normally acting means and release thesashes from holding contact with the guideway.

Another object is to provide means by which one sash .is movedrelatively to the other and moves a locking detent mounted upon one ofthe sashes to unlock the same and then move both sashes in the guideway.

Another object is to provide means by which the sashes are connectedtogether and one is detachable from the other when unrestrained by theguideway.

Another object is to provide wedge and coacting surfaces one of which ismovable relatively to the other in one direction to force one sash awayfrom the other and into contact with the guideway.

Another object is to provide a guideway in which sashes may move and beheld, a portion or portions of which is movable to remove one sash andmeans adapted to hold and release the movable portion or portions or"the guideway.

Another object is to provide a guideway in which sashes may move and beheld with a movable portion or portions to permit of the removal of oneor more of the sashes, means adapted to hold and release the movableportion or portions of the guideway and means adapted to hold one sashin the guideway against displacement therefrom.

Another object is to provide a guideway in which two sashes may move andbe held and which is provided with a movable portion or portions topermit of the removal of one sash and automatically acting means adaptedto hold the other sash in place when such one is removed from theguideway.

Another object is to provide means to yieldingly connect or contact withboth sashes, a portion or portions of which are porous and adapted toadmit of a limited and restricted passage of air therethrough into andfrom the space between the sashes.

Another object is to provide means adapted to connect or contact withboth sashes and thereby more or less confine the air within the spacebetween the sashes and exclude dirt therefrom.

Another object is to provide means connecting or contacting with bothsashes and adapted to exclude dirt from the space between the sashes andmove them, one rela tively to the other, in opening and closing thewindow.

Another object is to providedirt excluding and air confining means inengagement with both sashes and adapted to maintain such engagement orcontact as the sashes are moved to open and close the window.

Other objects will appear from the descriptions hereinafter given; andmy invention consists in the combinations of parts or deviceshereinafter set forth and particularly pointed out in the claimshereunto annexed, which form a partof this specification.

Figure 1 shows in front elevation, with the vertical central and someother portions broken away, one embodiment of my invention. Fig. 2 showsin vertical section, on line 22 of Fig. 1, looking from right to leftthat which is seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partial cross sectional view,on line 33 at the left of Fig. 1, of the parts there seen. Fig. 4 is apartial cross sectional view on line etet, at the right of Fig. 1, ofthe parts there seen. Fig. 5 shows on an enlarged scale and withportions broken away that which is seen in the lower portion of Fig. 2.Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view, on line 6-6 of Fig. 4, of the partsthere seen. Fig. 7 is a view in front elevation on line 77 of Fig. 4, ofthe locking device attached, at the lower right hand corner of Fig. 1,to the outside sash, as seen in Figs. 1, 2, -1- and 6. Fig. 8 shows inelevation and on an enlarged scale a portion of the left hand side ofthe window frame seen in Fig. 1 when looking from right to the left andwith the casing and one sash removed. Fig. 9 is a cross sectional viewon line 9-9 of Figs. 1 and 8. Fig. 10 shows in partial cross section aportion of one of the double sashes on an enlarged scale that are seenin Figs. 1 and 3 and illustrates the applica tion of the dirt excludingand air confining means to such sash as the same are shown on Figs. 1and 3. Fig. 11 shows on an enlarged scale, with the sash and a portionof these-same means in section and the flexible barand spring of suchmeans in elevation, as the same would be seen on line 11-11 of Fig. 10.Fig. 12 shows one corner portion of the sash seen in Fig. 1 illustratingthe application of these dirt excluding and air confining means to thesash, as seen when the sash is turned half way around, so as to bringthe rear side, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3, to the front. Figs. 13 and'ltshow in cross section a somewhat modified manner of applying these dirtexcluding and air confining means to yieldingly bear against one sashwhen attached to the other one with modified means of holding one sashin the guideway when the other is removed therefrom. Fig. 15 shows infront elevation portions of that which is seen in Figs. 1 to 7, but withcounterbalancing or automaticraising means applied to one of the sashes,so as to more or less counter or overbalance both sashes and support thesash to which such means is attached. Fig. 16 shows in vertical section,on line 1616 of Fig. 15, that which is there seen. Fig. 17 shows oneside portion of awindow frame and sash in front elevation, with portionsbroken away, and it illustrates another embodiment of my invention. Fig.18 shows in vertical section on line 18 18, looking from left to right,that which is seen in Fig. 10. Fig. 19 shows in cross section on line1919 of Fig. 18 that which is there shown. Fig. 20 shows in crosssection on line 2020 of Fig. 18 the parts as there shown. Fig. 21 showson an enlarged scale a portion of the sash and the operating means, seenin Fig. 19, with a portion of one form of dirt-excluding and airconfining means applied to such operating means. Fig. 22 shows on anenlarged scale in cross sect-ion on line 22-22 of Fig. 18, the manner ofattaching roller surfaces to the two sashes for twin inclined surfacesor wedges to coact with to move the sashes apart or to move onerelatively to the other. Fig. 23 shows in cross section a modified formof casing for the window and means by which it may be held in place andbe moved therefrom to permit one of the sashes to be removed and bereplaced in the guideway. Figs. 24 and 25 show details of that which isseen in Fig. 23. Fig. 26 shows in frontelevation another embodiment ofmy invention. Fig. 27 shows in vertical section on line 2727 of Fig. 26that which is there seen. F ig. 28 shows a modified form of sashesmoving and connecting means.

In Figs. 1 to 12, inclusive, one e1nbodi ment of my invention isillustrated. As there shown A represents the frame of the windowwherein-double sash, as B and B are mounted, one in front of the other,and are so connected as to move up and down in the guideway a, which, asthere shown, is common to bot-h sashes, and open and close the window.The two sashes B and B move in the guideway substantially as a singlesash moves for this purpose. These sashes when unrestrained byfrictional contact move freely in the guideway, but when forced intocontact with some portion or portions of the guideway they are heldfirmly in contact therewith in proportion to the force with which theyare moved and held in such contact. As here shown the sash B rests uponthe sill or lower portion 6 of the window frame A and this sash isthereby supported, except when lifted away fro-1n such sill in openingthe window. The sash B is connected with sash B, so that the two movesubstantially as one sash would move in the guideway and sash B ispractically supported by its connection with sash B and in such a mannerthat gravity constantly acts thereon to move the two sashes away fromone another and into contact with opposite portions of the guideway inwhich they move. As is clearly seen in Figs. 2 and 5 sash B does nottouch the sill b when the window is closed and it is supported by theinclined or wedging surfaces, as c, c and 0 formed on the bar C attachedto the sash B engaging with and resting upon the surfaces or studs, as 0c and 0 attached to sash B and the friction of sash B upon the portionof the guideway a with which it contacts. As here shown a bar U with theinclined or wedge surfaces, as c, c and c and the coacting surfaces orstuds, as 0 c and 0 may be substantial duplicates at each edge of thesashes or at or near those portions of the guideway with which thesashes engage and by which they are confined. As thus shown the sashesB- and B are moved to substantially an equal extent and those portionswhich engage with the guideway, with these bars C and the inclined orwedge surfaces as 0, c and 0 and coacting surfaces or studs, as 0 0* andc serve as holding devices or means to firmly hold the sashes in theguideway. These inclined or wedging surfaces 0, c and c coact with thesurfaces or studs 0, and c and, as here shown, cause gravity to act onsash B to m ve one sash relatively to the other in the guideway andforce both sashes into contact therewith. From this it will be seen thatthe sashes B and B have two movements in the guideway, one to open andclose the window and the other to move one sash relatively to the otherto bring both sashes into firm contact with the guideway and releasethem from such contact. It will also be seen that the guideway confinesthe sashes in a direction transverse to the direction of the movement ofthe sashes in openingand. closing the window and also that the forcewith which both sashes are forced into contact with the guideway isin'proportion to the weight of sash B.

To release the sashes from the holding action of their contact with theguideway sash B has to be moved relatively to sash B in the reverseorder in which the two were moved to bring them into firm contacttherewith. This is accomplished, as herein shown, by means of operatingdevices, as O, preferably one at each edge portion of sash B, portionsof which are made to engage with portions of sash B, so that the weightof sash B may be overcome, and when this is done, further and continuedforce applied to such devices lifts bothsashes and they move in theguideway, after the manner a single sash moves, until the window isopened to the desired extent, where they may be held by any suitablemeans. These operating means 0 are preferably arranged at or nearopposite edges of the window, as seen in Fi g. 1, so that both hands ofthe operator may be used in opening and closing the window. As thusshown a lever 0 is pivoted in any suitable manner to sash B, which leverextends through sashB and enters a recess in sash B and engages withsuch sash at 0 through one end of sash locking lever Z, whichispreferably interposed between one end of this lever 0 and the point 0in sash B, as is more clearly seen in 2 and 7. These operating means mayalso be substan tial duplicates, the only ditt'erence being that one iswhat is known as right hand and the other as left hand so as to have thearms of the bent or elbow levers Z extend in opposite directions toengage with suitable recesses, as Z, in the guideway, as shown in Figs.1 and '7. These bent or elbow levers, as Z, in connection with thepivoted levers, as 0, and springs, as F, Fig. 7 constitute one form oflocking or holding means by which the sashes may be loclred in theclosed position, or in any desired open position 01' positions. As seenin Fig. l recesses, as Z may be formed at desired places in the guidewaywith which the locking levers or detents, as Z, may enga 'e and hold thesashes in the open position. These springs, as Z not only tend to holdthe locking levers or detents, as Z, in the locking position. but alsoby reason of the location of one end of each of these levers between thepivoted levers, as 0, and the points, as 0, in sash B tend to hold suchlevers, as 0, in the position seen in dotted lines in Fig. 5 and in fulllines, as seen in Fig. 6.

l/Vhen the sashes, as B and B, are to be moved to open the window it isdesirable that they shall be so connected that force applied to theoperating means, as 0, shall cause the force thus applied to act onboth. This may be done in any desired way. One way in which this resultmay be accomplished is seen quite clearly in Figs. 2 and 5 where theprojections, as 0 on bars, as C, engage with studs, as 0 on sash B andlimit the extent of movement of sash B in regard to sash B, when theyare moved in adirection to open the window.

To aid in operating the levers, as 0, in opening the window, thumbpieces, as 0*, may be employed, if desired. They may be arranged asshown, or in any other convenient manner desired.

lVhen the wedging and coacting surfaces, as c, 0, c 0 0" and c, areconstructed and arranged, as here shown, the sash B may be detached fromsash B, when the casings, as D, which help to make up the guideway a aremoved so as to no longer tend to confine the sashes or limit the extentthey may'move, relatively to one another, transversely to the length ofthe guideway.

In double sash windows where each sash is entirely independent of theother in opening and closing the window, one sash may be moved to giveaccess to the other for the purpose of cleaning the glasses or makingrepairs, if the extent of movement of each of the sashes is sufiicientin its guideway to permit of this being done. As such windows areusually constructed the extent of such movement of theindependent sashesis not suflicient to give full access to each sash, and hence the sasheshave to be some little distance apart in order to introduce appliancesbetween the sashes to clean the interior surfaces of the glasses of suchsashes.

In order to provide a convenient'means of cleaning the glasses of myimproved window the casings, as D D, are as here shown, preferably maderemovable so as to permit of the sash B being readily detached from sashB and removed from the guideway, when the remaining sash may bethoroughly cleaned, by reason of free access being given thereto, thesame as if but a single sash was used; and the detached and removedsash, B, may also be cleaned and returned to the guideway and readilyconnected with the sash that remained therein with the expenditure ofbut little labor or time and with a beneficial result. This isaccomplished, as shown, by forming on the lower end of each of the casins D a tenon cl to enter a recess (Z in the bottom portion of the frameA, as indicated in Fig. 2 and at the right and left of Fig. 1, and thenproviding a suitable projection or lug, as (P, on each casing to enter asuitable recess, as d, in the window frame, as seen in Figs. 1 and 8.Vhen-thus constructed the casings D can be readily removed by moving thetop portion toward-the center of the window for a sutficient distance toenable the lug (Z to leave the recess (Z as indicated in dotted lines inFig. 15, and then by lifting the tenon (Z out of the recess d. Thecasings can be replaced by entering the tenon (Z in the recess (Z andentering the lug (Z in the recess (Z and forcing the easing into place.

To lock or hold the casings D D in place any desirable means may beemployed. One such means is shown in Fig. 1 where the upper portion D ofthe trim of the window is made removable and is held in place by twodowel pins and a spring catch. The ends of this portion D abut againstthe casings D D and prevent their moving toward the center of the windowuntil such portion is removed, when the casings are readily moved, asabove explained, and the sash, as B, detached and removed. As shown thespring catch, as (F, is arranged at one end of portion D and it engageswith a recess, as (Z in the casing D against which the end of suchportion carrying such catch abuts. The opposite end of this por tion, asD, is provided with two dowel pins, as J, which engage in recesses, as(Z in the casing with which that end of such portion abuts, as isclearly seen in Fig. 1 where a part of each end of such portion and theadjacent parts of the casings are broken away to show the catch anddowel pins in engagement with their recesses, only one of the dowel pinsbeing seen. The recesses, as (Z for the dowel pins are clearly seen inFig. 16, where one of the casings is broken away to clearly show suchrecesses. These recesses are also indicated in Fig. 15, as is also therecess, as (F, for the spring catch, as cl.

Instead of having the casings removable, as shown in preceding figures,they may be made movable in any desired manner that will permit of theready removal of one of the sashes, as for instance, as seen in Figs.23, 2d and 25, where the side casings as D are hinged to the windowframe, as A adjacent to the guideway as a so as to move from theposition seen in full lines in Fig. 23 to that seen in dotted lines. Asthus seen casing D is provided with a holding or locking device, as N,by which it may be securedin the position seen in full lines in Fig. 23.This locking device N consists of a movable detent n, which is rotatablymounted in the casing and provided with an enlarged or head portionhaving a cavity, as n, to receive a key or tool by which the detent maybe partially rotated in its mounting in the casing. This detent, as n,is made with projecting portions, as of, which are made as indicated inFig. 24, where this detent is shown in two different positions, thefirst of which shows these projecting portions as extending in oppositedirections up and down and the second of which shows these projectionswhen detent a is turned one quarter around from that seen in the firstposition. hen this detent n is in the position seen in dotted lines inFig. 23 it can enter a recess, as a in the frame, as A and ofsubstantially the shape therein shown, and when once thus entered thedetent can be readily turned or rotated about one fourth of a revolutionand brought from the position seen in dotted lines in Fig. 23 to thatseen in full lines, when the casing will be locked in position until itis desired to remove one of the sashes, when by simply turning detents,as n, from the position seen in Fig. 23 in full lines to that seen indotted lines the casings are f ee to be moved from the position seen infull lines to that seen in dotted lines and the sash can then be readilydetached and removed for cleaningtor other purposes. These detents maybe partially rotated by a tool or key havir a suitably shaped portion toenter the recess, as n, on being passed through the opening in plates,as n, fixedly attached to casings, as D over the recesses, as n, indetents, as n, in a well known manner.

in double sash windows it is desirable to keep the space between the twoglasses free from the dust that will float in or be carried by the airand settle upon or adhere to the adjacent surfaces and hence it is notonly desirable to have the sash frames in firm contact with theguideway, so as to exclude dirt and dust at these points from thisspace, but it is also desirable to further exclude such dust and dirt aspossibly may enter such space past the edges of the sash and guideway.This is accomplished by placing between the sash frames an excludingdiaphragm, as it were to serve as dirt excluding and air confiningmeans,so arranged that the two sashes may move one relatively to the other,suiiicient-ly for bringing them into contact with the guideway andreleasing them from such contact in opening and closing the window. Thisrequires that such diaphragm or means shall be flexible or in yieldingcontact with one or both of the sashes, so as to further inclose theimmediate space between the two glasses and maintain excluding andconfining contact between the sashes. Diiferent means may be employed.As here shown aslightly porous material is used andit is firmly securedto one sash and is yieldingly held in contact with be other. Preferablya continuous strip of such material, as for instance a thin strip offelt or other slightly porous material, as E, is secured at its edges tosash B in close and intimate contact therewith by any suitable means, asglue or other desired means, but preferably with such edges sufficientlynear to each to leave quite a space between such strip and the sashalong its central portion, as shown in Figs. 3 and 10, where a portionof the sash, (recessed to receive a spring,) with the porous materialattached thereto are seen in cross section. As thus seen the strip E isarranged so that its central portion may be yieldingly held in contactwith the inner surface of the frame of the sash B, so that such portionmay move with sash B, as such sash moves, and the edge portions of suchstrip may move with sash B, as itmoves, and the strip acts as a loose oryielding diaphragm or means between the two sashes and excludes dust anddirt from the immediate space between the glasses and also more or lessconfines the air within such space, so that it may act as a dead. airspace and moreor less interfere with the conduction of heat or coldthrough the glasses. The central portion, (considered in cross section,)of the strip E may be yieldingly held in contact with sash B by anysuitable means, one form being shown, and it consists of a more or lessflexible narrow strip or bar of metal, as 0, arranged in contact withstrip E and a second narrow bar or strip of spring material or metal, ase, bent into the form seen in Fig. 11, where a portion of the sash B,strip E, bar 6 and spring material e are seen, the sash and strip Ebeing seen in longitudinal, section and the strip 6 and spring 0 inelevation. The strip E is bent at the corners, as seen in Fig. 12, wherea portion of sash B and such strip are seen, as the strip is bent at oneof thecorners. The port-ion of sash B thus shown is turned around sothat the parts are there seen as they appear from the rear of such sashin Figs. 1 and 3. By thus bending the strip E the material is continuousat the corners and the dust is as effectually eX- cludedand the air aseffectually confined within this space between the two glasses at thesepoints as it is atother points, the ends of the strip being properlyjoined where they meet. here the space between the sashes is no greaterthan that seen in Figs. 2 to 6, the sash to which the strip E isattached may be recessed to receive the bar 6 and spring 6', as shown,but when the space is greater than here shown, as for instance in Figs.13 and 14, where another form of means are shown for holding one sash inplace while the other is removed as when the glasses of the sashes areto be cleaned, or it is otherwise desired to have access to the spacebetween them, there will be no need of any recessing of the sash, aswill be clearly apparent. These dirt excluding and air confining meansmay be such as is desired and may be applied in any desired manner, thatis they may be as desired, and be such as are applied in Figs. 1 to 12,as seen in Figs. 13 and 14, as'seen in Figs. 18, 19 and 20, or in anyother desired form or manner, so as to do the work or serve the purposethat is done or served by the means herein specifically shown anddescribed in the several combinations of elements particularly pointedout in the claims hereunto annexed. As shown in Figs 13 and 14: thestrip of material E is attached to the outer sash, as B", in any desiredway, such for instance as is seen in Figs. 1, 3, 10, 11 and 12 orotherwise. As shown a spring, as a and flexible bar, as 6 are employed,which are arranged and serve the same purposes that are served by thecorresponding bar and spring in the construction set forth in the abovementioned figures. In the form these dirt excluding and air confiningmeans are shown in Figs. 18, 19 and 20, there is a piece of thinflexible spring material bent into angular form in cross section andapplied to each edge of the sash B in such a manner that it can yieldtoward the sash at the side thereof adjacent to sash B and firmly pressagainst the adjacent sash. This spring strip, as e 'Fig. 1S and 6 Figs.19 and 20, is secured to the sash B by any suitable means, as by smallnails or otherwise, and to such strip preferably a strip of softyielding material, as E or E may be secured in any desired manner so asto lie between the spring, as a or 6 and the adjacent surface of thesash B. As thus ar ranged the spring material, as c or 6 and the strip,as E or E exclude dirt and more or less confine the air, but the sashesmay move to and from one another to a certain extent and yet have thestrip of soft material remain in continuous contact with the adjacentsash, the meeting points of the spring strips and soft material beingproperly joined to permit of this movement taking place and yetmaintaining such excluding and confining action at such points as atother points between the sashes.

In the construction seen in Figs. 18, 19 and 20 where the sash operatingmeans extend through one sash to engage with the other one it isdesirable to so construct such means that dirt and air will be precludedfrom freely passing into the space bet-ween the glasses of the twosashes. This can be done by the construction seen in Figs. 18 and 21,wherein felt washers as 0 are applied to the hubs 0 of the lever 0 ofthe operating means 0'. These washers, as 0, permit the levers, as 0 tomove with suflicient freedom and they preclude the free passage of dirtand air from outside sash of B to the interior space be tween theglasses of the two sashes. These washers, as thus shown, contact withthe sash during the movement of the levers, as 0*", in opening andclosing of the window and by maintaining this contact prevent thepassage of air, by which the dirt would be carried to such an extentthat such dirt would be collected or arrested by the wash ers andprevented from entering the space between the glasses. The washers aresomewhat porous, but confine the air more or less within the spacesbetween the glasses, as well as excluding the dirt therefrom.

In each of the forms of dirt excluding and air confining means hereinshown the spring roller R by chains 1 and 1*. end of each of thesechains is attached to the roller R and the other end of each chainarrangement of the parts is such that one any particular attentionthereto in the removal and replacement of the sash. Also such means donot necessarily interfere with the cleaning of the glasses when one sashis removed from the guideway. iVhile this is the case it is to beunderstood that this is the preferable arrangement and also that someother arrangement than this is within the spirit of this branch of thepresent invention, when the terms of the claims hereunto annexed do notspec fically set forth to the contrary.

If desired one of the sashes may be otherwise supported than by the sillof the win dow frame, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5 of the drawings, asfor instance, by counterbalancing or automatic-raising means, as

seen in Figs. 15 and 16, wherein substantially the same construction 1sillustrated as is seen in the preceding Figs. 1, 2 and 5, except thatsuch means are added to what is there shown. As here seen the sash B,Fig. 16, which corresponds with sash B of the preceding figures, isconnected with a One is attached to an equalizing device 1 con- ;sistingof a rock shaft secured to the sash B so that it may turn in its bearngs and be provided at each end with an arm, as r and 9 which arms arearranged preferably at an angle of about 90 degrees to each other on therock shaft. This rock shaft equalizes the force of the spring in rollerR exerted on all parts of the sash, so that all portions may movewithout a cramping action in the guideway. Any other means may beemployed to connect the roller R to the sash B as the rock shaft andchains do not constitute any necessary part of the present invention,other than forming one illustration of suitable means that may beemployed for this purpose. Also any other form of counterbalancing orautomatic-raising means may be employed, if desired, be cause thecombinations of elements or devices herein described and particularlypointed out in the claims hereunto annexed do not necessarily depend onthe specific form of counterbalancing or automatic raising means and themanner of connecting the same to sash B herein shown and described. Ashere shown sash B may be wholly supported by the roller R and thetension of the spring of this roller may be such as to also whollysupport the weight of sash B so that whenever the means, by which thesashes are held in the closed position, are moved to release them bothsashes may immediately move in the opening direction under the stress ofthis spring. When the window is to be closed the stress of this springhas to be overcome, the same as in automatic opening windows now quiteextensively used in railway cars. Sash B is provided with a bar, as C,similar to bar 0 in Fig. 2, which is provided with similar inclined orwedge surfaces which engage with studs or surfaces attached to sash Bthe same as is the case in preceding figures of the drawings, so thatsash B is connected with sash B and is supported thereby the same assash B is connected with and supported by sash B, hence the means bywhich this is accomplished is in substance the same in both cases and amore detailed description is not thought necessary at this point.Similar operating and locking means are employed in connection withsashes B and B that are used in connection with sashes B and B. Assashes B and B may be automatically raised to open the window and besupported by the means by which they are moved in the opening directionthey have to be locked in the closed position in order to keep thewindow closed. The form of means used in connection with sashes B and Bare well adapted for this purpose, as when the sash B abuts with thesill of the window frame the operator releases the pivoted levers, whilestill pressing down on the thumb or hand pieces and allows the lockingdetent to spring into locking position, when both sashes are locked inthe closed position as a single sash is locked, when automatic raisingmeans are employed. These locking means in the case of sashes B and B asin the sashes B and B, are operated in the unlocking direction by thehands of the person opening the window through the medium of operatingmeans, as O, O, which are similar to the operating devices, as O, U,seen in Figs. 1 to '2 inclusive heretofore described, and therefore, theconstruction and operation of the same will be understood.

In 15 and 16 the casings D, D, are removable the same as in precedingfigures. At the left of Fig. 15 the casing D is shown in full lines inposition as when in place and it is shown in dotted lines when it hasbeen moved toward the center of the window sufficiently for the lug orprojection, as (Z to be wholly withdrawn from its recess, as (Z and isfree to be lifted so as to lift its tenon, as (Z, out of its recess, asd, as before explained. In this Fig. 15 the removable part of the trimof the window, as D, is omitted, but the recesses to receive the dowelpins and spring catch are shown in dotted lines, the recesses, as (Z forthe dowel pins are shown in full lines in Fig. 16, where one of thecasings is broken away near its upper end to permit of this being done.

If desired automatically or other operat ing holding devices may beemployed in holding one sash in its guideway when the casings, as D D,have been removed as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 15, or have been moved outof holding position, as indicated in Fig. 9.3 in dotted lines. One formof such means is illustrated in Figs. 1, 8 and 9 wherein a spring bar Iis secured at one of its ends to the window frame A, so that its outersurface may be flush with the exterior surface of the side of the frameA, as indicated in Fig. 1, there preferably being one such bar arrangedat each side of the frame as there shown. A block '5 is firmly attachedto the other or free end of this spring bar I at its surface oppositetothe one which is to be flush with the frame A, the frame being recessedso as to receive both the bar and block attached thereto, as is clearlyseen in Fig. 9. This permits of this bar and block being forced backinto this recess, as i, by the replacing of the casing for that side ofthe window frame and for it to remain in such recess until it is to bebrought into use for holding the sash, as B, in the guideway, as

seen in Fig. 9, against pressure from its side farthestfrom this block2'. The spring I is so secured in position that it tends to move out ofthe recess and into the holding position seen in Fig. 9, wheneverunrestrained by the pressure of easing, as D, in its normal position.When this casing is put in. place and secured in position the contact ofthe casing with the spring bar I forces the bar and its block intorecess 2" and holds it there, out of holding position, until such casingis again moved to free such bar and block. Vhen this bar and block arein the recess, as seen in Fig. 1, the sash, as B, is free to move in theopening and closing direction the'same as if these parts were notpresent. Up gn moving casing, as D, toward the center of the window orotherwise, so as to release the spring bar, such bar moves into positionby its own resilience to engage with the sash as seen in Fig. 9. When inthis position the sash is both ield against movement toward such springbar and also in the upward or opening direction by reason of thepresence of such bar and block in engagement with the sash. When the barI and block 2' are arranged to engage with. the sash, as B, as hereshown, the sash is held from moving in the opening directionindependently of the locking detents, as Z, so that if for any reasonthey were not in looking engagement with the window frame the sash couldnot move into the open position when it was automatically raised inordinary use, or if both sashes were counterbalanced, more or less, thesash, as B, could not move into the open position upon detaching thesash, as B, therefrom and relieving it from the weight of the othersash. This holding the sash from moving into the open position by theseholding means is a separate function from that of holding the sash inits guideway against pressure from a directi on tending to move it outof the guideway, when one sash is detached from the other, or when onesash is removed and no means is provided for holding the remaining sashtherein. .Vhen' the bar I and block 2' are in the position seen in Fig.9 they engage both with the recess a" in the window frame and the recess1' in the sash and prevent the movement of the sash in the opening direction. Other forms of means than that justdescribed may be employed tohold the remaining sash in the guideway when one sash is removedtherefrom, as for instance, such as is shown in Figs. 13 and let. Herethe guideway e is made in two parts, as it were, instead of in one asseen in Figs. 1 to 13, inclusive, the guideway being divided by aremovable parting strip F, the casing, as D being either removable ormovable, as before explained, to permit of the sash, as 13*, beingremoved as is the case in preceding figures of the drawings. In F 13 thecasing and both sashes are seen in their normal positions while in Fig.1% this casing and one of the sash have been removed. An examination ofthese two figures will make plain how sash, as B", is held in positionagainst pressure from either side of it. If this sash, as B is, for anyreason to be removed from the guideway as a it can be readily done bysimply removing this parting strip, as F, in a well known manner. Thesashes, as B and B coact with the guideway, as a, in the same mannerthat the sashes, as B and B coact with their guideway, as a, and thepresence of this parting strip, as F, does not in any way interfere withor modify their coacting relations. The function of this strip, as F, inthe combinations of elements or devices is to hold the remaining sash,as B, in the guideway when the other sash, as B", is removed therefromand it is in position to serve this function whenever the removal of onesash requires that such function shall be served.

Instead of connecting the automatic raising or counter-balancing meansto the sash, as seen in Figs. 15 and 16 such means may be connected inany desired manner, as for instance as seen in Figs. 17 and 18, orotherwise as desired. Also instead of connecting the sashes together bymeans of the bar C, wec ge or inclined surfaces and studs or coactingsurfaces, as seen in Figs. 1 to 12 of the drawings, and wherein a doubleor two functions are served by one form of means this result may beaccomplished by two distinct and separately acting means, as shown inFigs. 17 to 20, inclusive, or otherwise as desired. As shown in theseFigs. 17 to 20 the sashes are connected together so as to movesubstantially as a single sash moves in opening and closing the windowby pins or projections, as 72., securely attached to one sash, as B,which enter suitable recesses, as 71., in the other sash, as B as isclearly seen in Fig. 19. The number of these pins and recesses, as h andh, respectively, may be such as the constructor sees fit to employ inorder to do this work. Two will be sufficient, it is thought, preferablyplaced near the edges of the sashes, as indicated in these Figs. 17, 18and 19. As thus used the sashes are connected together so that theynecessarily move together, and also so that that which supports one sashnecessarily supports the other one. Also so that force applied to onesash tending to more it in the opening, closing or any other directionis transmitted to the other sash with substantially like effect. Asshown in these Figs. 17 to 20, inclusive, the means by which the sashesare moved to bring them into firm contact with the guideway coact withboth sashes to substantially an equal extent. These sash moving meansconsist of a bar, as G which is provided with double or twin w'edging orinclined surfaces, as c, o and c one of each pair coacting with suitablesurfaces on one sash and the other one of such pairs coacting withcorresponding surfaces on the other sash, as is clearly shown in Fig.18. These surfaces mounted on the sashes with which these twin wedgesurfaces, as c, c and 0 coact are here shown in the form of rollerssuitably mounted thereon, as is clearly seen in Fig. 22, whereinrollers, as 0 and 0 are mounted on the sashes, roller 0 being mounted onsash B and roller 0 being mounted on sash B The bar 0* with the twinwedge surfaces is not shown in Fig. 22, but it is seen in Figs. 19 and20 and partly in cross section. As shown twin surfaces 0 ceact withroller surfaces 0 and 0, twin surfaces 0 coact with rollers 0 and c andwedge surfaces a coact with roller surfaces 0 and c and so on, asdesired. As these bars, as C (one near each side of the winclow,) movetoward spring roller R these twin wedge surfaces engage with theirrespective roller surfaces and sash 13 is forced away from sash B andboth sashes are forced into firm contact with the portions of the windowframe A composing the guideway, as (4 in which such sashes move inopening and closing the window. These bars, as U as here shown, are moreor less placed in the recesses, as C and C portions of which are seennear the lower portion of Fig. 18, recess C being formed in sash B andrecess C being formed in sash B, so as to permit the twin wedge surfacesthereon to properly coact shown in these Figs. 17 to the sashes B9.

this stress is exerted in forcing the sashes apart, as before explained.As thus an ranged the weight of the sashes resists the stress of thisspring and the sashes are forced apart in proportion to the force eX-erted by this spring on these bars. As

and B are under or only partially counterbalanced by the tension of thespring in the roller R and as a consequence a portion of the weight ofsuch sashes is supported by the sill, as b, of the frame, as A asindicated in Fig. 18, when the window is closed. The tension of thisspring in roller R, of course, is exerted to support the remainingportions of the weight of such sashes, and when one is to open thewindow only the weight not supported :or carried by such sprin has to beovercome by the force exerted through the hands of such person and theoperating means, as 0 it being understood that preferably one such meanswill be provided near each of the opposite sides of the window, so thatthere may be one such means for each hand of the person who wishes toopen the window. These operating means are quite similar to those seenin preceding figures and operate in substantially the same manner whenthe window is to be opened. These means are provided with a pivotedlever, as 0*", which is pivoted to sash B, as seen, and it is providedwith an abutting piece, as 0 which abuts against a portion of the thumbor hand piece, as 0 when such lever is moved in the act of opening thewindow and prevents further movement of such lever in that direction.The inner end of this lever, as 0*", engages with a projection orroller, as 60, attached to bar, as C, as seen in the lower portion ofFig. 18. When this lever, as 0 is moved in the act of opening the windowsuch movement causes bar C to be moved toward sill b and this moves eachof the twin wedge surfaces away from their respective coacting surfacesand as a result both sashes are released from a firm or hold ing contactwith the guideway and the continued application of force to lever, as0*", will overcome the non -counterbalanced weight of the sashes andthey may be moved in the opening direction as desired. Any desired formor construction of locking means may be employed to hold the sashescoact with closed position, as will be manifest to those skilled in thisart. I have shown and described one form in connection with precedingfigures of the drawings, but other forms than this one may be used, ifdesired. The sashes may be under balanced, as before explained, fullycounterbalanced or over balanced as the constructor sees fit. If thesashes be underbalanced, so-as to remain in the closed position in use,then some means would be necessary to hold them in the open position. Ifthey be fully counterbalanced or overbalanced then such means would notbe'needed, as the sashes would be supported in the open position by thebalancing means. If locking means be required to hold the sashes in theopen position then such means I would only need to be manipulated intothe unlocked condition in order for the sashes to return to the closedposition by gravity. acting thereon. Instead of connecting thecounterbalancing means to these b'ars,-as C, as seen in Figs. 17 and 18,such means may be connected directly to one of the sashes as in Figs. 15and 16, or as seen in Figs. 26 and27, or otherwise as desired.

In Figs. 26 and 27 the spring roller R is connected directly to sash Bby cords or other means, as 1 and 1 and'the tension or stress of thespring in this roller B? may be such, as to under balance,counterbalance or over balance the'weight of sashes B andB as desired.As thus shown in Figs. 26 and '27 bars as C similar to bars C in Fi e.17

and '18, are employed" each having twin wedge surfaces, as e and 0 whichsimilar roller surfaces, as 0 0 0 and 0 to those seen in said Figs. 17and 18 and the coaction of these several surfaces is with like result offorcing the sashes B and B apart, as 111 the case of sashes B and B ofFigs. 17 and 18. These sashes B and'B are shown connected ina mannersimilar ,to that by which sashes B and B are connectedtogether, so as tomove together by the movement of one of them. As shown pins orprojections, as if, are secured to sash B and enter and engage withrecesses, as its, in sash B as is clearly seen in .Fig. 27. Thus whensash B is moved sash B necessarily goes with it and the two movesubstantially as a single sash moves, but one sash, may move to or fromthe other. Also sash B is supported by sash B whenboth sashes arecounter or over balanced by roller R Also force applied to one sash maybe transmitted to the other one. Instead of the balancing meansexertingits force to move the sashes B and B apart and into firm contactwith the guideway a of frame At, as in Figs. 17 and 18, such sashes areforced apart by means of a two arm spring S mounted on sash B", one

arm, as s, engaging with the upper end of bar as G and the other one as8. en a ins 1Q 7 7 7 53 a ing one relatively to the other tobring bothsashes into firm contact with the gnideway l in Figs. 26' and 27.

with the other bar, as C as is clearly shown This spring S is arrangedso that its arms exert'their stress or tension to move the bars, as C Cin a direction for the twin wedge surfaces to coact with theirrespective coacting surfaces and move sashes B and B apart, as'sashes Band B are moved apart bythe forceofthe spring in rollerR/applied tobars, as 0*, as before explained, the action of the bars and heircoacting' surfaces on the sashes being the same in both cases. Thestress or ten sion of this spring, as S, on the bars, as C and C, may besuch as is desired to force the sashes apart and in theact of openlngthe window it is only the stress of th1s spring, which has tobe'overcome by the operating means, which may be substantially theisame'asin Figs; 17 and 18, as shown in Figs. 26and 27. These operating'means,as have a thumb or hand piece, as 0 fixed rigidly to the sash B and apivoted which under, counter or over balances the weight of sashes B and13 This is an ad vantage when sashes above the medium weight are to .bemore or less counterbalanced. If the sashes are over balanced so as toautomatically open the window when once released the entire balancingforce does not needto be overcome in order to move the bars, as C andC", to release the sashes from thelr firm contact with the gu1deway, asa in frame, as A, as would bethe case if such balancing-force wasapplied as 111 the case in the construction seen in Figs. 17"

and 18. i V

Instead of connecting the sashes together and employing the means tomove the sashes, one relativelyto the other, in the guideway asheretofore shown the means seen inFig. 28 may be employed. In this case.as. in the construction set forth in Figs. 1 to 12 the sash moving meansserve two functions of connecting the sashes together.- and of. movandto release them from such contact.

As shown in.Fig. 2S sashes B and 3 are connected together by links orbars, as C, C and C one end of each being pivoted to sash B and theopposite end'of each being pivoted to sash B i Vhen the sashes areconnected together in the manner as here seen sash B has only a limitedmovement relatively to sash B in the guideway, o ing to the fact thatlinks, as C,

C and C move in arcs of circles so, that as sash B is moved in theopening direction and relatively to sash E by the operating means, as 0it is moved toward the latter sash until the two contact or are wherethey may be held by any desired means. When the window is to be closed,and. links G, C and C are arranged, as shown in Fig. QS the pivotedlever, as 0 has to be moved toward'thumb or hand piece, as 0 and sash 13mo-vedtoward sash B so as to release both sashes from binding or holdingcontact with the guideway and the two sashes allowed to move in theclosing' direction until sash B rests upon sill I), then upon releasinglever, as 0 the sashes will be forced apart by the weight of sash 13acting, on sash B through links or bars, as C, C and G. From this itwill be seen that these links not only connect the sashes together, butalso serve to move one sash relatively to the other one to bring theminto and out of firm contact" with the guideway. In this respect thesashmoving means seen in Fig. 28 are similar to the sash moving means shownin Figs. 1, 2, 15 and 16 of the drawiiigs, but they differ in that inFig. 28 one sash is not as readily detached from the other as is thecase in the construction seen in such preceding figures.

In eachof the constructions herein shown and described one sash is soconnected to the other as to be movable relatively thereto for thepurpose of not only bringing both sashes into and out of firm and closecontact with theguideway, but also to cause both sashes to movesubstantially as a. single sash -moves in opening and closing thewindow.

Also ineach case there are sash moving means provided whereby the sashesare moved into and out of firm contact with the guideway. Also in eachcase one sash affords a support for the other and one sash is more orless carried by the other. Also in each case both sashes are tightlyheld in the guideway, when the window is not to beop ened or closed, andyet, when it is desired to move the sashes in the guideway, by simplymanipulating the operating means both are substantially free to movetherein, through the operation of the sash moving means Also in eachcase, whenvsash balanclng means are employed, such rate forms one ofwhich serves one function and the other serves the other function.

It is to be observed that the sash balancing, the sash moving, the sashconnecting, sash operatmg and dlrt excluding and air.

confining means cooperate, one with the other, and all together,inproducing, a tight,

easily opened and clean double sash window. Also that the movablecasings, the sash balancing, the sash moving, sash operating, sashlocking and dirt excluding and air confining means all cooperatetogether and with one another in producing a tight, easily opened, cleanand readily accessible double sash window. 7

What is herein shown and described will naturally suggest to the mindsof those skilled in this art other specific embodiments of thisinvention, and also modifications in the construction and arrangementsof parts. wherein substantially the same result will be accomplished bycombinations of elements or devices having essentially the same mode ofoperation as the combinations have that are particularly pointed out inthe claims hereunto annexed, hence I do not wish to limit my inventionto the specific forms and arrangements herein set forth, but desire toinclude all forms and arrangements which embody the spirit of myinvention and which have substantially the same mode of operation as dothe specific parts and arrangements of the same that are herein shownand described.

The term sash balancing means used in the claims hereunto annexed isintended to include all forms of means which operate to under, over orcounter balance the weightof one or bothof the sashes accordingly as theconstructor sees fit to organize his structure.

What I claim as new is i 1.. In a. window the combination, substantiallyas set forth, of a guideway, two sashes adapted to move and be heldtherein, one in front of the other, and means adapted to move thesashes, one relatively to the other, into contact with the guideway andobstruct the passage of air and dirt around the edges of the sashes.

2. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two

sashes adapted to move and be held therein, one in front of the other,and means adapted tomove the sashes, one relatively to the other, intocontact with different portions of the guideway and by suchcontactobstruct the passage of air and dirt around.

the edges of the sashes.

3. In, awindow the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two, sashes adapted to'move and be held therein, one in frontof the other, and means connectingwith the sashes and adapted to moveone sash relatively to the other in; the guidewav to hold the sashestightly therein.

4C. In a window the combination, sub stantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes adapted to move and beheld there; in, one in frontof the other, and wedging 'means connected therewith and adapted toforce the sashes into contact with the guide- -way to obstruct thepassage of air and dirt between the sashes and guideway.

5; In .a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes adapted to moveand be held therein, one in front ofthe other, and means connected with the sashes, a portion of which ismovable relatively to another portion and when moved in one directionmoves one of the sashes relatively to the other to hold them in theirguideway and when moved in another direction releases the sashesandleaves them substantially free to be moved in such guideway.

6. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes connected together and movable in the guideway toopen and close the window sub stantially as a single sash is movable,and means a portion of which is movable and when moved in one directionholds both sashes tightly in the. guideway and when moved in anotherdirection permits them to be moved therein.

7. In a' window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, means provided with wedge andcoacting surfaces arranged to move one sash relatively to the other tobring them into. and out of firm contact with the guideway, and meansadapted to support the sashes and permit them to be moved, whereby, themovement of the wedge surfaces in one direction moves both sashes intosubstantially equal firm contact with the guideway. V

-8; in a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, means adapted to act on bothsashes and force them away from each other, and means adapted to supportthe sashes and permit them to be forced apart, whereby, both sashes areforced away from each other and are held in contact with the guideway.

9. In a window the combination, sub v stantially as set forth, of aguideway, two

sashes movable therein, means provided with wedge and coactin'gsurfaces-arranged to force each: sash from the other, and meansadaptedto support the sashes and permit 5* them to be forced apart,whereby,-the' move ment of" the wedge surfaces in' 'one direction causesthe sashes to separate: and be equally held in contact with thegi'iide'way.

1 In a window' the: combination, sub- 11o: stantially asset forth, of aguideway, two- 1 meansacting on both sashes and adapted to sashesmovable therein, one of which is norm'all y' supported and the other isnormally carried thereby, aided-'- by the restraint of the guideway'thereon,-.- and sash moving move one relatively to the other, whereby,both sashes are: moved and held incontact with the gnid'ew'ay by thesash moving means and the carrying of one sash by the' 211 other.

3105i gui'deway;

121 111 a window the combination, substantially as set forth, ot aguideway, two= sashes movable therein, sash moving means, and meansconnecting. the sashes together 35$ and providing a support againstwhich a portion of the sash moving means may act and: moveone sash:relatively to the other, whereby, both sashes are moved into contactwitlr the gnidewa-y;

1 3, In a window the combination,-. sub-' stantially as set forth, of a'guidew-ay, two sashes movable therein, sash moving..means, and sashsupporting m'eans oper-ative upon a portion of the sash. moving: means,whereby, both sashes-are forced into contactwith: the guideway bytheaction ofsuch supporting means: upon such moving means.

14 In a window the combination, substantially' asset forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein,- means adapted to act on bothsashes at opposite sides thereof, and sash supportingmeans, whereby-,-both sashes are forced into contactwith the guideway' by the action ofthe supporting means upon the" actin means 15. Ina window'thecombination,substantially as set fortli,-of a'guideway, two sashesmovable therein, sasli' moving devices arranged and adapted to act onboth sashes at opposite sides of the window, and sashsupporting' means,whereby, both sashes are forced apart and into contact with the guidewayby the operation ot'suc'h' sash moving devices,-

mamas 16,- I n-a window the" combinatiomsubstan t-ially asset forthg ofa guidevay', two sashes sashes are moved, one relatively to the other,

into" contact with the guideway by the operat onof such wedge andenacting surfaces.

1 7. lira Wln'ClOW' the combination, substantiallyassetforth, of aguideway, two sashesmovable therein, sash moving means, and normallyacting means arranged in connect-ioni with the sash moving! means,whereby,

both sashesare normally forced into contact with the guideway by theaction: of the normally acting means upon the sash movmgZ means;

181 In a window the combination, substan- Vt-i'allyasset forth, ofaguideway,two-sashes movabletherei'n, sashl moving means, and a springnormally under tension, whereby,

both sashes: are normally forced-into contact with the guideway by theaction of the" sprin g upon the sash moving means;

l9. In a window the combination, substantially'aisset forth, ofaguideway, two sashes vmovable therein, sash moving means, and a two armspring; one arm engaged wlth such means-near one side of the window andthe other engaged with such: means at the other side, whereby,- bothsashes are normally forced into contact with the guideway by the actionoftliesprin'g upon thesash movi mg means.-

20. In a window-the combination, substan- "tially" as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, means adapted to act on bothsashes and move them: into contact with the guideway, means adapted tosupport the sashes and permitone to be moved relatively to the other,and means adapted to lmove one sash relatively to" the other to releasethemfrom holding"conta'ct with such guideway.

21; Ina window'the combinatioi'i, substantially as set forth, ofaguideway, two sashes movable therein, means adapted to act on bothsashes and move them-into contact with the guideway, means adapted tosupport the tially as setforth, of a guidew-ay, two sashes movabletl'ierein, means adapted to act on both sashes and move-them intocontactwith the 1 g uideway, meansadapted to support the sashes and permit onetobe moved relatively to the other, lockingimeans, and means adapted tom'ove one sash' relatively to the other to release them in the guideway'and also 'ath ted to o er-at'e the lbck in T means P g i the sashes toother whereb the sashes move Z) 7 i in their guideway substantially as asingle sash moves in opening and closing the window and one sash isdetachable from the other when unconfined by the guideway.

In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway,two sashes movable therein, sash moving means adapted to move one sashrelatively to-the other, and means adapted to connect the sashestogether when moving and maintain the connection when unconfined by theguideway until one sash i caused to be moved relatively to the other.

25. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, sash 'moving means, and operatingmeans, whereby, one of the sashes is moved relatively to the other bythe action of the sash moving means thereon and is moved in the reversedirection by the operating means in closing and opening the window.

26. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, sash moving means, open atingmeans, and means a portion of which is connected with one sash andengages with a portion of the other sash, whereby, the movement of onesash by the operating means is limited by the engagementof such portionsin opening the window.

27. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, sash moving means adapted to moveone sash relatively to the other, means adapted upon the movement of onesash to correspondingly move the other to open and close the window andpermit of detaching one sash from the other, and means adapted to holdthe remaining sash against displacement from substantially its closedposition in the guideway.

28. In a window the combination substantially as set forth, of aguideway a portion of which is movable, two sashes movable therein,means adapted upon the movement of one sash to correspondingly move theother to open and close the window and permit of detaching one sash fromthe other, and automatic locking means adapted to be brought intolocking position by the movement of a portion of the guideway and lockthe remaining sash against movement in the opening and closingdirection.

1 I 29. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway a portion of which is movable, two sashes movable therein, sashmoving means adapted to move one sash relatively to the other and topermit of one being detached from the other, means adapted upon themovement of one sash to correspondingly move the other to open and closethe window, and means adapted to hold one sash against displace mentwhen'the other is removed from the guideway.

30. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein to openand close the wind'ow,substantially as a single sash is movable, means connecting the twosashes to gether, one portion of which is fixedly at tached to one sashand the other is similarly attached to the other and one sash beingmovable relatively to the other to force both sashes into contact withthe guideway.

31. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein to open and close the window, meansa portion of which connects with portions mounted on both sashes to moveone relatively to the other sash and also connects with sash balancingmeans, and sash balancing means, whereby, both sashes are more or lessbalanced and forced into firm contact with the guideway through theaction of such balancing means on such portion.

32. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, means adapted to connect thesashes together and cause the two to move together in opening-andclosing the window, and sash balancing means, whereby,

both sashes are more or less balanced and each sash is moved relativelyto the other and both are held in contact with the guideway.

33. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes connected together and movable in the guideway toopen and close the window, sash balancing means connected to one of thesashes and adapted to more or less balance both of them, and meansadapted to move one of such sashes relatively to the other and hold themtightly in the guideway.

84. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, sash moving means adapted toconnect the sashes together and also move one relatively to the other,and sash balancing means connecting with one sash and adapted to actuatethe sash moving means and also to more or less balance both sashes.

35. Ina window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable therein, sash moving means adapted to moveone sash relatively to the other, sash balancing means adapted to moreor less balance both sashes, and means connecting the sashes together,whereby the sashes are more orless balanced and moved into' contact withtheir guideway.

36. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, twosashes movable therein sash moving means adapted to moveone sash relatively to the other to force them into contact with theguidewa'y, a portion of which is movable relatively to both sashes andis adapted to connect with sash balancing means, and sash balancingmeans adapted to connect with such portion and more or less balance bothsashes.

87. In a window the combination, substantially'as set tortln-of aguid'eway, two sashes movable inthe guideway, sash moving means adaptedto move one sash relatively to the other to force them into contact withthe guideway, and means adapted to support one sash through itsconnection with the other and therebyrpermit the sash movi"ng means tooperate and force both sashes into contact with the guideway.

88. In a window the combination, substantially asset forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable in the guideway, sash moving means adaptedto move one sash relatively to the other to force them into contact withthe guideway, and means adapted to support one sash by being attachedthereto and also to more or lesssupport the other sash by its connectiontherewith and permit one sash to move relatively to the other.

In a window the'combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway,two sashes movable in the guideway, sash moving means adapted to moveone sash relatively to the other, and means adapted to mo-re or lessconfine the air between the sashes in the differing positions theyassume, one relatively to the other. 7 v

40. In a window the combination, substair tially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable in the guideway, sash moving means adaptedto more one sash relatively to the other, and means interposed betweenthe sashes adapted to more or less confine the air between the sashes intheir movement by the sash moving means.

41. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable in the guideway, sash moving means adaptedto move one sash relatively to the other, and means adapted to permit ofthe passage of a limited amount of air therethrongh and to substantiallyexclude the fine particles of dust from the glass space between thesashes.

42. In a window the combination, substan tially as set fortln'of aguideway, twosashes movable in the guideway, sash moving means adaptedto move one sash relatively to" the other, and means, a portion of whichis attached to one sash and is spring-pressed against the other sash,which means is thereby adapted to more or less confine the air betweenthe sashes in their movement by the sash moving means;

43. In a window the'combination', substantially as set forth, of aguideway, two sashes movable in the gnideway, sash moving means adaptedto move one sash relatively to the other, and means adapted to contactwith both sashes and yield as the sashes move relatively to one another,thereby excluding dust from the space between them.

44 In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of agnideway, two sashes movable therein, sash moving means adapted to moveone sash relatively to the other, a continuous piece of flexiblematerial arranged to contact with both sashes and inclose a spacebetween them, and means adapted to yieldingly hold such material in suchcontact as the sashes move, one relatively to'the other, Y

OLIVER M. EDIVARDS.

Witn sses EDNA LADD, FRANK D. DlEUEL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing' the Commissioner of latents,

.Washington, D. 0.

